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Photochemical Smog: Definition, Formation, Causes,

WEBOn Human Health: It causes irreversible damage to the lungs and heart, causing emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma in persons with allergies.Even a brief exposure to photochemical smog has a lasting effect on both the young and the elderly. It causes painful irritation in the respiratory system, reduces lung function, and makes it difficult to …

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Cell Nucleus: Definition, Structure, & Function, with Diagram

WEBThe nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle located centrally only in a eukaryotic cell, enclosing the DNA, the genetic material. It is the most important and defining feature of all higher organisms, including plant and animal cells, whose main function is to control and coordinate the functioning of the entire cell.

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Protein Synthesis – Location, Process, Steps, & Diagram

WEB1) Transcription: The First Step of Protein Synthesis. In this process, a single-stranded mRNA molecule is transcribed from a double-stranded DNA molecule. The mRNA thus formed is used as a template for the next step, translation. The three steps of transcription are: initiation, elongation, and termination. i) Initiation.

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Osmosis: Definition and How Does it Occur (with …

WEBBasic Characteristics of Osmosis. Requires a semipermeable membrane. A slow and spontaneous process. Occurs in liquid medium. Requires no energy expenditure and thus also called passive diffusion. Movement of water occurs from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential. The process continues until the …

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Water Cycle – Definition & Steps Explained With Simple …

WEBWater cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle, involves a series of stages that show the continuous movement and interchange of water between its three phases – solid, liquid, and gas, in the earth’s atmosphere. The sun acts as the primary source of energy that powers the water cycle on earth. Bernard Palissy discovered the modern …

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Oxygen Cycle With Diagram – Definition, Steps

WEB1) Production of Free Oxygen . Occurs through the following processes: Photolysis – Ultraviolet radiation of the sun breaks down atmospheric water and nitrous oxide; Photosynthesis – Plants make food and release oxygen as a byproduct ; Weathering – Oxygen-containing minerals in rocks gradually breaks down ; 2) Utilizing the Free …

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Endosome – Definition, Types, Functions, and Diagram

WEBEndosome. Endosomes are membrane-bound vesicles found in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells. They are intracellular sorting organelles that regulate the trafficking of proteins and lipids with the other components of the secretory and endocytic pathway of the cell, such as the plasma membrane, trans -Golgi network (TGN), and …

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Types of Water Pollution

WEB1. Chemical Pollution. It is the most common type of water pollution. Chemicals from industries end up in the surface water bodies and infiltrate into the underground water, thus contaminating them. Effluents from the agricultural industries and metal factories also contribute significantly to water pollution. 2.

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Nephron: Definition, Parts, Structure, & Functions, with Diagram

WEBA nephron is the unit of structure and function in the kidney. Each nephron is a coiled tube held together by a tough fibrous connective tissue. In humans, a healthy adult has 1 to 1.5 million nephrons in each kidney, functioning together to filter blood from all its impurities. They also regulate blood pressure, control electrolytes, and

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Stomata: Definition, Types, Structure, & Function

WEBStructure of Stomata. It has an average length and breadth of 10 to 40 µm and 3 to 10 µm, respectively. Stoma varies in shape and size to adapt to different environmental conditions, ensuring optimal conditions for photosynthesis. It is made of two guard cells – a pair of specialized, kidney-shaped epidermal cells.

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Parts of a Root, Their Structure and Functions With Diagram

WEBA typical plant root system shows four distinct regions or zones: 1) region of root cap, 2) region of cell division or meristematic region 3) region of elongation, and 4) region of maturation or differentiation. Each region of the root performs specific functions. Except for the root cap, the other three zones are collectively known as the ‘region of …

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Brayton Cycle: Definition, PV and TS Diagrams, and Efficiency

WEBThe ideal Brayton cycle consists of four processes described below with the corresponding PV and TS diagrams. Process 1 → 2: Isentropic Compression. Fresh ambient air is drawn into the compressor and compressed from pressure P 1 to P 2. The volume reduces from V 1 and V 2, and the temperature increases from T 1 to T 2.

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Radioactive Decay: Definition, Types, Formula, & Applications

WEBRadioactive decay has numerous applications across various fields: 1. Radiometric Dating: It is utilized in archaeology, geology, and paleontology to determine the age of rocks, fossils, and artifacts.. 2. Medical Imaging: In techniques like PET (Positron Emission Tomography) and SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography), …

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Seed Germination: Definition, Steps, & Factors Affecting Them

WEBSeed germination includes a series of events happening in a sequential order, starting from an inactive seed to the formation of a baby plant: Stage 1: Imbibition: This is the first step where the seed rapidly absorbs water from the environment causing the seed coat to swell and become soft. Stage 2: Activation: The absorbed water activates the

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