Nma.gov.au

First public hospital National Museum of Australia

WEB1816: Rum Hospital, the first public hospital in Australia, opens. Interior of the women’s surgical ward, Sydney Hospital, 1890s. Sydney Hospital occupies the site of …

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URL: https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/first-public-hospital

Polio vaccine introduced in Australia

WEB1956: Introduction of polio vaccine ends epidemic in Australia. Polio was among the most frightening diseases to affect Australians during the early 20th century. …

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‘Life. Be in it.’ launch National Museum of Australia

WEBBe in it.’, one of Australia’s most recognisable health promotion campaigns, launches in Victoria. ‘Life. Be in it.’ brand. ‘Life. Be in it.’ was the slogan for what became …

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Evidence of first peoples National Museum of Australia

WEBEvidence of first peoples. The date of earliest occupation of the Australian continent is constantly changing. New excavations and improved dating techniques push …

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Indigenous referendum

WEBIn May 1967, after 10 years of campaigning, a referendum on the recognition of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the Australian Constitution was held. The vote …

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The First Fleet arrives at Sydney Cove

WEBThe arrival of the First Fleet at Sydney Cove in January of 1788 marked the beginning of the European colonisation of Australia. The fleet was made up of 11 ships carrying convicts …

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2.4 What was the soldiers’ experience of the Kokoda Trail

WEBA journalist describes the Trail. It is full of malaria, ague, dysentery, scrub typhus, obscure diseases; full of crocodiles and snakes and bloated spiders, leeches, lice, mosquitoes, …

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Smallpox epidemic National Museum of Australia

WEBSmallpox has been one of humanity’s deadliest diseases, though it has now been eradicated. There is still debate over how smallpox broke out in the Sydney area in …

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Cook claims Australia National Museum of Australia

WEBCook claims Australia. Lieutenant James Cook, captain of HMB Endeavour, claimed the eastern portion of the Australian continent for the British Crown in 1770, …

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Smallpox epidemic Australia’s Defining Moments Digital …

WEBSmallpox was one of the worst diseases to affect human beings. It killed around three out of every 10 people who caught it, until it was finally controlled by a vaccine more than 50 …

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Influenza pandemic National Museum of Australia

WEBAn estimated 50 million people worldwide died as a result of the global influenza pandemic at the end of the First World War. Australia’s swift quarantine …

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Bubonic plague National Museum of Australia

WEBBubonic plague is one of the deadliest diseases humanity has ever faced. The ‘Black Death’ of the 14th century killed a quarter of Europe’s population. In 20th …

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Medicare National Museum of Australia

WEB1984: Introduction of Medicare. On 1 February 1984 the highly controversial Medicare system was introduced. It established basic health care for all Australians. …

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National Apology National Museum of Australia

WEBThe journey to National Apology began with the Bringing Them Home report – the findings of an inquiry instigated by the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity …

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Indigenous Australians’ right to vote

WEBVoting rights for Indigenous people enacted. The Commonwealth Electoral Act 1962 received assent on 21 May 1962. It granted all Aboriginal and Torres Strait …

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Maralinga National Museum of Australia

WEBEight years later, in December 1993, Britain agreed to make a £20 million ex gratia payment towards the estimated $101 million cost of cleaning up Maralinga. In …

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Discovering the beach National Museum of Australia

WEBAs cities grew, becoming congested and polluted, doctors prescribed sea air and salt water for good health. Seaside resorts appeared around the country and, by the early 20th …

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Defining moments timeline National Museum of Australia

WEBSee our timeline of defining moments in Australian history. More than 300 moments from deep time to the present day, contributed by historians and members of the public.

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Historical milestones National Museum of Australia

WEB1976: The Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act is passed, the first attempt by the Australian Government to legally recognise the Aboriginal system of land ownership. …

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The pill National Museum of Australia

WEBThe release of the oral contraceptive pill ‘Anovlar’ in Australia on 1 February 1961 ushered in a momentous change in women’s lives. Initially available only to …

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