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WEBThe book opens like a mystery novel. The year is 2006. An Irish farmer, digging for peat, notices an odd shape in his bucket. Looking carefully, he discovers that it is a very old …

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CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: History of Medicine

WEBGreek medical science, like that of all civilized peoples, shows in the beginning a purely theurgical character.Apollo is regarded as the founder of medical science, and, in post …

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CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Hospitals

WEBThe hospital orders. The establishment of confraternities and religious orders for the purpose of ministering to the sick is one of the most important phases in this whole …

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CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Robert Bellarmine

WEBA distinguished Jesuit theologian, writer, and cardinal, born at Montepulciano, 4 October, 1542; died 17 September, 1621. His father was Vincenzo Bellarmino, his mother Cinthia …

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CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Mental Pathology

WEBThe higher and specifically psychical functions, and indeed all psychical processes (attention, mental moods, will, etc.) are localized in the association centres, the entire …

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Question 55. The virtues, as to their essence

WEBObjection 1. It would seem that human virtue is not a habit: For virtue is "the limit of power" (De Coelo i, text. 116). But the limit of anything is reducible to the genus of that of which …

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SUMMA THEOLOGIAE: On whom should the anointing of the sick …

WEBShould this sacrament be conferred on those who are in good health? Should it be conferred in any kind of sickness? Should it be conferred on madmen and imbeciles? …

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Question 18. The good and evil of human acts, in general

WEBTherefore the good or evil of a human action is not derived from their object. Objection 2. Further, the object is compared to the action as its matter. But the goodness of a thing is …

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SUMMA THEOLOGIAE: The change of bread and wine into the …

WEBIs the Body of Christ in this sacrament truly, or figuratively? Do the substance of bread and wine remain in this sacrament after the consecration? Is it annihilated? Is it changed into …

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Question 49. Habits in general, as to their substance

WEBNow that which is essential is first in every genus. If therefore, habit also is a principle of act, it follows that it is posterior to power. And so habit and disposition will not be the first …

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CHURCH FATHERS: The First Apology (St. Justin Martyr)

WEBChapter 3. Claim of judicial investigation. But lest any one think that this is an unreasonable and reckless utterance, we demand that the charges against the Christians be …

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CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Leo XII

WEBBorn at the Castello della Genga in the territory of Spoleto, 22 August, 1760; died in Rome, 10 February, 1829. His father's family had been ennobled by Leo XI in 1605; his mother …

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CHURCH FATHERS: City of God, Book XIX (St. Augustine)

WEBIncludes the Catholic Encyclopedia, Church Fathers, Summa, Bible and more — all for only $19.99 In this book the end of the two cities, the earthly and the heavenly, is …

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SUMMA THEOLOGIAE: Abstinence (Secunda Secundae Partis, Q.

WEBObjection 1. It seems that abstinence is not a virtue. For the Apostle says ( 1 Corinthians 4:20 ): "The kingdom of God is not in speech but in power [virtute]." Now the kingdom of …

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SUMMA THEOLOGIAE: The will of God (Prima Pars, Q. 19)

WEBReply to Objection 2. Since God wills effects to proceed from definite causes, for the preservation of order in the universe, it is not unreasonable to seek for causes …

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SUMMA THEOLOGIAE: Free-will (Prima Pars, Q. 83)

WEBObjection 1. It would seem that free-will is not an appetitive, but a cognitive power. For Damascene (De Fide Orth. ii, 27) says that " free-will straightway accompanies the …

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CHURCH FATHERS: Letter 91 (St. Augustine)

WEB3. Consider for a little those books, De Republica, from which you imbibed that sentiment of a most loyal citizen, that there is no limit either in measure or in time to the claims which …

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Question 2. Things in which man's happiness consists

WEBObjection 1. It would seem that man's happiness consists in wealth. For since happiness is man's last end, it must consist in that which has the greatest hold on man's affections. …

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