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Vitamin B12 deficiency – GPnotebook

WEBVitamin B12 is found in foods of animal origin including milk, cheese, yoghurt and eggs. Recommended daily requirement of vitamin B12 is small (1-2 µg/day) compared with …

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Hazard ratio – GPnotebook

WEBHazard Ratio (i.e. the ratio of hazards) = Hazard in the intervention group ÷ Hazard in the control group. hazard represents the instantaneous event rate. means the probability …

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Raised serum ferritin – GPnotebook

WEBAuthoring team. raised serum ferritin (SF) only 10% of cases of elevated SF are due to iron overload - chronic alcohol consumption, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, …

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Iron deficiency without anaemia – GPnotebook

WEBIron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin <=130 g/L in males and <=120 g/L in females) is a late manifestation of iron deficiency, both of which are common medical conditions in …

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Management of raised triglycerides – GPnotebook

WEBpatients with triglycerides up to 10 mmol/l: initiate omega-3-acid ethyl esters (1 g twice daily increasing to 2 g twice daily if inadequate effect) for 8 weeks and/or fibrate for 8 weeks. …

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IgA (summary and causes of reduced and increased levels)

WEBCauses of increased IgA levels include: gamma-A myeloma (M component) chronic infections. chronic liver disease. rheumatoid arthritis with high titres of rheumatoid factor. …

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IgG (summary and causes of increased and reduced levels)

WEBIgG (summary and causes of increased and reduced levels) IgG is the main circulating immunoglobulin, and it is present both in plasma and in interstitial fluid. It has a …

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Creatine kinase – GPnotebook

WEBCreatine kinase is an widespread enzyme catalyzing the phosphorylation of creatine to creatine phosphate. It occurs as three different isoenzymes, each composed of two …

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Postponing menstruation – GPnotebook

WEBPostponing menstruation. Last edited 2 May 2024. Authoring team. This can be achieved by the use of norethisterone 5mg three times daily starting 3 days before the anticipated …

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Osteopenia – GPnotebook

WEBOsteopenia. Osteopenia is defined as a reduction in bone density. The term is often used radiologically when it describes a qualitative appearance of bone on a radiograph. …

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QRISK – GPnotebook

WEBan estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and/or albuminuria the QRISK3 tool for people with type 2 diabetes aged between 25 and 84. familial …

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Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) – GPnotebook

WEBAuthoring team. Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, and Overlapping Syndrome (POTS) was first defined in the adult population as an increase in heart rate by more …

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Pendleton (the doctor's tasks) – GPnotebook

WEBAuthoring team. Pendleton defined seven tasks forming the aims of each consultation. These identify what the doctor needs to achieve and deal with the use of time and …

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Cholera – GPnotebook

WEBCholera is an acute infectious disease endemic and epidemic in Asia. It is caused by Vibrio cholerae, a gram-negative rod found in coastal waters and estuaries (1). worldwide, V. …

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Section 2 (Mental Health Act) – GPnotebook

WEBSection 2 of the Mental Health Act allows compulsory admission for assessment, or for assessment followed by medical treatment, for a duration of up to 28 days. An …

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Other causes and factors affecting raised D-dimer levels

WEBOther factors affecting D-dimer levels: larger clots tend to produce a higher levels of circulating D-dimer. there is an increase in circulating D-dimer levels with age, …

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Exclusion from school (guidance re: common infections)

WEBthis guidance implies that school exclusion should be for six days from the onset of the rash and not five days as per DOH guidance. Reference: 1) Pulse (17/7/99), 15. 2) …

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Brief practical guide to HRT – GPnotebook

WEBLast reviewed 1 Dec 2023. Authoring team. Brief Practical Guide to HRT. Suggested first-line HRT regime: Women without a uterus. Transdermal oestrogen (detailed below) are …

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